Spain Sites

A former agricultural field abandoned 50 years ago that has undergone afforestation. The forest is currently dominated by Quercus ilex.

An intensively managed agricultural field maintained this 50 last years.

It is a highly protected Natural Park comprising a well-preserved network of lagoons and floodplains. The meadows are dominated by glasswort (Salicornia spp.).

La Platera is a coastal wetland area subject to high anthropogenic pressure. It consists of brackish lagoons and floodplains with meadows dominated by glasswort (Salicornia spp.). The site has a history of failed urban development followed by a renaturalization process

A vineyard under regenerative management for the past 10 years, which uses organic fertilization, avoids chemical weed and pest control, and focuses on soil regeneration by maintaining a continuous green cover crop, zero-tillage, and the use of a roller crimper to terminate the cover crop and create a protective mulch.

A vineyard with a long history of intensive management. The practices used include the use of mineral fertilizers, frequent tillage for weed control, and regular herbicide and pesticide applications.

An urban meadow managed under a reduced mowing regime to allow plant development. The area has been intentionally seeded with a high diversity of native plant species.

An urban meadow characterized by intensive management, including a high frequency of mowing and low diversity of plant species. 

A permanent pasture managed through holistic planned grazing. The pasture is divided into multiple zones, and cattle are rotated daily. This practice prevents overgrazing, allows adequate rest periods for vegetation, and stimulates plant growth.

It consists of an intensive field, which is sown with ryegrass (Lolium perenne) to provide forage for cattle.